Post-cervical conization sequelae

After cervical conization, sequelae such as cervical stenosis, cervical insufficiency, bleeding, infection, and postoperative scars may occur. This surgery is mainly used to treat cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and preserve fertility function through cone resection of diseased tissue, but attention should be paid to the risk of postoperative complications.

Cervical stenosis is a common problem after surgery. Changes in the tissue structure of the cervical canal lead to poor discharge of menstrual blood or dysmenorrhea. In severe cases, it may cause hematometra. Regular postoperative dilation of the cervix or use of uterine stents can reduce the risk. Cervical insufficiency is often caused by a large range of resection and manifests as painless cervical dilation in the second trimester, which may increase the probability of miscarriage or premature birth and needs to be prevented by cervical cerclage. Incomplete intraoperative hemostasis or poor wound healing may lead to continued bleeding, which usually requires electrocoagulation or suturing. Infection is related to improper postoperative care, manifesting as fever and purulent discharge, and needs to be controlled with antibiotics such as cefaclor capsules, levofloxacin tablets, and metronidazole vaginal effervescent tablets. If fibrous hyperplasia is excessive during the surgical wound healing process, cervical scars may form and affect the elasticity of the cervix. Scar release surgery is required if necessary.

You should avoid strenuous exercise and sexual intercourse for at least one month after surgery, keep your vulva clean and dry, and take showers instead of baths. The daily diet needs to increase high-quality protein such as fish, eggs, and vitamin C-rich broccoli and kiwi fruit to promote tissue repair. Regular follow-up cervical TCT and HPV testing, and pregnant women need to strengthen prenatal check-ups to evaluate cervical length. If abnormal bleeding, abdominal pain or odorous secretions occur, seek medical attention promptly.