Amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, abnormal menstruation in women

   　1. Menarche

　　When a girl is around thirteen or fourteen years old, she begins to have menstrual cramps. The first menstrual period is medically called "menarche." “"Menarche" is female An important sign of the arrival of puberty. Some girls may have irregular menstrual cycles for some time after menarche. The main reason is that the menstrual cycle regulation function is not stable enough and is easily affected by internal and external factors, such as physical, emotional and environmental changes. Pay attention to psychological counseling and health care.

　　2. Menstrual stimulation

　　After pregnancy, the ovaries stop ovulating and menstruation will no longer occur. However, a very small number of women still have a small amount of vaginal bleeding like menstruation in early pregnancy, which is called "menstruation". In the early stages of pregnancy, women have low levels of progesterone in their bodies. Uterus The formation of the decidua is incomplete and bleeding may be mistaken for "menstruation". This phenomenon does not exceed 4 months after pregnancy and is harmful to the mother and fetus No adverse effects.

　　3、amenorrhea

　　Those who are over 18 years old and have not yet menstruated are called primary amenorrhea; except for pregnancy, breastfeeding and menopause, those who have had menstruation and then stopped, and those who have been menstruating for more than 3 months are called secondary amenorrhea. Systemic disease , environmental changes, and mental stimulation can affect ovarian function and cause amenorrhea. Certain reproductive organ lesions or developmental abnormalities can also cause amenorrhea. Amenorrhea should be checked as early as possible to find out the cause and treat it in time. Delaying time affects the treatment effect and may affect fertility.

　　For adolescent amenorrhea, we must first pay attention to menstrual hygiene, keep warm, reasonably arrange study and life, eliminate stress factors, improve nutritional status, and especially stop inappropriate weight loss. Treatment measures such as menstruation, endocrine regulation, and ovulation promotion can be used. If it doesn't work, drugs can be used to restore the artificial cycle.

　　4. Reverse menstruation

　　Some women will have hemoptysis in the mouth, nose bleeding, or even external auditory canal bleeding, conjunctival bleeding, or blood in the stool whenever they menstruate. This is called "compensated menstruation" in medicine, commonly known as "abnormal menstruation". The reasons are not all the same. For example, nasal bleeding is caused by the capillary network in the front and lower part of the nasal septum, which is particularly rich, superficial and fragile and prone to bleeding. The nasal mucosa of some people is very sensitive to changes in ovarian estrogen levels, and is stimulated by it to cause congestion and swelling. Even like the endometrium, bleeding occurs when estrogen levels suddenly drop.

　　There are also "abnormal menstruation" due to trauma, or during dilation and curettage, caesarean section, hysterectomy, the endometrium shifts to parts other than the uterus such as the lungs, pleura, digestive tract, and subcutaneous tissue. It is regulated by estrogen like the original endometrium, causing proliferation and shedding. Medically, it is called "endometrial displacement syndrome."

　　If "menstruation" occurs, you should go to the hospital immediately Hospital treat.

　　5、Dysmenorrhea

　　Medically called primary dysmenorrhea. Most occur within 1-2 years after menarche. The pain first appears 12 hours before menstruation, and is painful on the first day of menstruation, which lasts for 2 to 3 days and is relieved. The pain varies in degree, mainly in the lower abdomen, and can radiate to the lumbosacral area and inner thighs, sometimes accompanied by nausea, vomiting, diarrhea , dizziness, fatigue, etc. Physical examination and instrumental examination without organic matter sexually transmitted diseases Change. Oral analgesics and birth control pills can be used, and psychological treatment is also important.

　　6、menopause

　　After women experience the period of vigorous fertility in young adulthood, their ovarian function begins to naturally decline and the secretion of sex hormones decreases. Up to a certain limit, the endometrium no longer sheds periodically and bleeds, and there is no menstruation.

　　The last menstrual period is called menopause. The average age of menopause among Chinese women is 49. 5 years old, 80% of people are between 44 and 54 years old. Before menopause, there is often a transition period. At this time, menstruation is irregular, accompanied by some physical and psychological changes, such as headache, low-grade fever, eyelid edema, breast swelling and pain, back pain, thirst, oral mucosal ulcers, and emotional instability (shown as irritability, stubbornness, or depression), which is called "premenstrual syndrome".

　　In addition to adjusting your own mental state, you can appropriately supplement estrogen for treatment under the guidance of a doctor. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that this disease is related to kidney essence depletion, yin and yang imbalance, and disharmony of qi and blood. Maihu Dihuang Decoction can be tried.