Does medical abortion harm the uterus?

Medical abortion may cause certain damage to the uterus, and the degree of the impact is closely related to the individual's physical constitution, medication specification and postoperative care. Medical abortion uses mifepristone tablets combined with misoprostol tablets to terminate pregnancy. The effect of the drug will trigger strong uterine contractions, which may lead to endometrial damage, increased bleeding, or an increased risk of infection.

During the medical abortion process, the stripping of the gestational sac will directly stimulate the endometrium, and some people may have incomplete abortions and require secondary intervention with uterine curettage surgery, further increasing endometrial trauma. Repeated medical abortion can easily lead to damage to the basal layer of the endometrium, causing intrauterine adhesions or reduced menstrual flow. Uterine contractions caused by drugs may induce severe abdominal pain, and those with poor pain tolerance may experience symptoms of collapse or pre-shock. Although uterine perforation is rare, there are case reports of perforation caused by strong uterine contractions after taking the drug.

A small number of people are sensitive to prostaglandin drugs and may have severe allergic reactions and need to stop taking the drug and seek medical treatment immediately. The success rate of medical abortion is not 100%. If pregnancy continues, surgical termination is required. Patients with a scarred uterus are at increased risk of uterine rupture during medical abortion, and immediate surgery is usually recommended in such cases. Misuse of medical abortion in patients with ectopic pregnancy may cause fallopian tube rupture and massive bleeding.

After medical abortion, you should pay attention to bed rest, avoid heavy physical labor and strenuous exercise, and promote uterine involution. The diet needs to increase the intake of high-quality protein and iron, and eat an appropriate amount of animal liver, lean meat, etc. to help repair the endometrium. If bleeding exceeds 10 days after surgery or exceeds menstrual bleeding, ultrasound should be reviewed in time to rule out residual pregnancy products. After abortion, bathing and sexual intercourse are prohibited. Keep the perineum clean and take antibiotics as directed by your doctor to prevent infection. If you have persistent fever, obvious abdominal pain or smelly secretions, you should be alert to endometritis and seek medical treatment as soon as possible.