Do multiple uterine fibroids require surgery?

Whether multiple uterine fibroids require surgery needs to be comprehensively judged based on the size of the fibroids, symptoms and fertility needs. Most asymptomatic small fibroids do not require surgery. Surgical intervention is usually recommended if severe anemia, compression symptoms or impact on fertility occur.

If the diameter of the fibroids is less than 5 cm and there are no compressive symptoms such as heavy menstruation, frequent urination and constipation, regular follow-up observations can be made. Such patients should undergo ultrasound examinations every 6-12 months to monitor changes in fibroids. At the same time, they should adjust their diet to supplement iron to prevent anemia, such as increasing red meat, animal liver and other foods rich in heme iron in an appropriate amount. People with mild anemia can take iron supplements such as ferrous succinate tablets or ferrous fumarate granules as directed by their doctor, combined with vitamin C to promote iron absorption. Avoid daily intake of estrogen-containing health products, and reduce the frequency of intake of phytoestrogens such as soy products and royal jelly.

When fibroids cause menstrual flow to exceed 80 ml and cause moderate to severe anemia, or when their diameter exceeds 5 cm and compress the bladder and rectum, causing difficulty in urination and tenesmus, surgical treatment needs to be considered. Under special circumstances, such as fibroids that rapidly increase in a short period of time, fibroids that continue to grow after menopause, or combined with infertility, the indications for surgery also need to be evaluated. The surgical method is chosen based on age and fertility needs. Myomectomy is suitable for patients who want to preserve their fertility, while hysterectomy is suitable for cases with no fertility requirements and severe symptoms. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging is required to confirm the location of the fibroids and rule out the possibility of malignant lesions.

People with underlying diseases such as hypertension and diabetes need to control the primary disease first before assessing the risks of surgery. After surgery, you should pay attention to supplement high-quality protein to promote wound healing, choose low-fat and high-protein foods such as fish and chicken breast, and avoid spicy and irritating foods. Bath bathing and sexual intercourse are prohibited within 3 months after surgery, and recurrence is monitored regularly. Non-surgical patients can try TCM conditioning to improve Qi and blood circulation, but this must be done under the guidance of a professional physician.