What to do if you have uterine polyps

Uterine polyps can be treated with medication, hysteroscopic surgery, endometrial resection, hysterectomy, and regular review. Uterine polyps may be related to factors such as high estrogen levels, chronic inflammation, obesity, high blood pressure, and aging.

1. Drug treatment

When uterine polyps are small, you can use progesterone capsules, dydrogesterone tablets, levonorgestrel intrauterine sustained-release system and other drugs as directed by your doctor to regulate hormone levels and inhibit the growth of polyps. Drug treatment is suitable for patients with asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic polyps, and regular review is required to evaluate the efficacy. Side effects such as breast tenderness and irregular bleeding may occur during drug treatment and require close observation.

2. Hysteroscopic surgery

Hysteroscopic polypectomy is the main way to treat uterine polyps and is suitable for patients with symptoms such as abnormal uterine bleeding and infertility. The polyps are removed through hysteroscopy under direct vision, with minimal trauma and quick recovery. You may experience mild abdominal pain and a small amount of vaginal bleeding after surgery, which usually resolve within 1-2 weeks. Postoperative infection needs to be prevented and strenuous exercise should be avoided.

3. Endometrial ablation

Endometrial ablation may be considered in patients with multiple polyps or recurrent polyps. This surgery removes part of the endometrium through electrocution or thermal bulb to reduce the chance of polyps recurring. Decreased menstrual flow or amenorrhea may occur after surgery, so it is not suitable for patients with fertility needs. The endometrial condition needs to be comprehensively evaluated before surgery to rule out the possibility of malignant lesions.

4. Hysterectomy

Hysterectomy may be considered for older patients who have no desire to have children and who have other uterine diseases, such as recurrent polyps accompanied by adenomyosis. Surgical methods include abdominal, transvaginal or laparoscopically assisted, etc., which need to be selected according to the patient's specific conditions. Hysterectomy can completely solve the problem of polyps, but it is a major surgery and the risks of surgery need to be fully assessed.

5. Regular review

Regardless of treatment, patients with uterine polyps need regular gynecological exams and ultrasounds. The frequency of re-examination depends on the treatment plan, usually once every 3-6 months after surgery. Review content includes symptom assessment, gynecological examination, ultrasound examination, and hysteroscopy if necessary. Regular review can help detect signs of recurrence early and provide timely intervention.

Patients with uterine polyps should pay attention to keeping the vulva clean every day and avoid using lotions containing fragrance to rinse the vagina. In terms of diet, it is recommended to eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, consume moderate amounts of high-quality protein, and limit high-fat and high-sugar foods. Maintain a regular schedule, avoid overexertion, and exercise appropriately to help maintain normal endocrine levels. If symptoms such as abnormal vaginal bleeding or increased secretions occur, you should seek medical treatment promptly and do not self-medicate. Patients with fertility needs should choose appropriate treatment methods under the guidance of a doctor. After treatment, they must follow the doctor's advice to prepare for pregnancy.