What is women's menarche

What happens when a woman has her menstrual period? When a woman reaches puberty, under the influence of hormones from the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, the ovaries produce sex hormones, which can stimulate the development of sexual organs and breasts, and begin to grow armpit and pubic hair. At the same time, the egg cells in the follicles in the ovaries gradually mature, and the mature follicles rupture, expelling the egg cells out of the ovary. At this time, the fallopian tube umbrella sucks the discharged eggs into the fallopian tube cavity.

After ovulation, the remaining cells in the follicle grow rapidly, increase in number, and appear yellow, called the "corpus luteum." It secretes progesterone, which prompts the glands in the endometrium of the uterus to secrete a mucus containing nutrients to prepare it for the reception of a fertilized egg.

If the discharged egg is not fertilized, the corpus luteum will atrophy, the secretion of estrogen and progesterone will decrease, and the endometrium will gradually atrophy, fall off, and bleed 9 to 10 days after ovulation, which is manifested as menstrual cramps.

At menarche, the ovarian weight is only 40% of its mature weight. The ovaries will continue to grow and develop in the future. Due to the unstable function and regulation of the ovaries, menstruation may not necessarily come on a regular basis in the six months to one year after menarche. After menarche, some menstrual periods may occur for the second time every few months, half a year or even a year. This is not a pathological phenomenon, and menstruation will occur on time every month in the future.

Menarche occurs sooner or later. The reasons for delayed menarche are generally believed to be closely related to heredity. In addition, such as frailty, malnutrition or excessive obesity, poor geographical environment, cold climate, etc., are not conducive to pubertal development and cause late menarche.