What are the causes of prostatitis?

Prostatitis may be caused by bacterial infection, long-term sitting, urine reflux, immune abnormalities, psychological factors and other reasons. Prostatitis usually presents with symptoms such as frequent urination, urgency, and perineal pain, which can be relieved through drug treatment, physical therapy, and other methods.

1. Bacterial infection

Bacterial infection is a common cause of prostatitis, mainly caused by retrograde infection of the urethra by pathogens such as Escherichia coli and Proteus. Patients may experience symptoms such as fever and burning sensation during urination. Treatment requires the use of antibiotics such as levofloxacin hydrochloride tablets, cefixime dispersible tablets, and azithromycin capsules as directed by the doctor, while keeping the perineum clean.

2. Sitting for long periods of time

Sitting for a long time will compress the prostate, leading to poor local blood circulation and causing congestive inflammation. Occupational groups such as drivers and office workers are at higher risk. It is recommended to get up and move every hour, avoid wearing tight pants, and take a warm water sitz bath to improve symptoms.

3. Urine reflux

Backflow of urine into the prostate ducts during urination may introduce pathogens or chemicals into the gland and induce inflammation. Commonly seen in patients with urinary dysfunction. Primary diseases such as urethral stricture need to be investigated, and if necessary, drugs such as tamsulosin sustained-release capsules can be used to improve urination.

4. Immune abnormalities

An abnormal autoimmune response attacking prostate tissue can lead to nonbacterial inflammation manifested by recurrent perineal discomfort. May be related to genetic constitution. Anti-inflammatory drugs such as celecoxib capsules can be used for treatment, along with regular work and rest to enhance immunity.

5. Psychological factors

Mood disorders such as anxiety and depression may affect prostate function through neuroendocrine pathways and form chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Patients often suffer from insomnia and fatigue. It is necessary to combine psychological counseling and use anti-anxiety drugs such as paroxetine hydrochloride tablets when necessary.

Patients with prostatitis should avoid spicy foods, drink more than 2,000 ml of water every day, and perform moderate levator exercises to enhance pelvic floor muscle strength. Bed rest is required during an acute attack, and warm water sitz baths can be given 2-3 times a week during the chronic phase. If symptoms persist or worsen, you should see a urology department promptly to avoid complications such as sexual dysfunction or infertility caused by delayed treatment.